If you’re planning a visit to Japan during winter, there’s no better time to experience the country’s rich culture than during Oshogatsu, the Japanese New Year celebration. Unlike the flashy fireworks and late-night parties seen in many other countries, Japan welcomes the New Year with meaningful rituals, family gatherings, and a strong sense of tradition. Oshogatsu, celebrated from January 1st to 3rd, is one of Japan’s most important holidays, steeped in centuries-old customs. For tourists, it offers a unique glimpse into Japanese culture and an opportunity to experience the country’s warm hospitality and festive spirit.
The Significance of Oshogatsu
In Japan, Oshogatsu marks a time of renewal and reflection, drawing from Shinto and Buddhist beliefs. Traditionally, it’s seen as an opportunity to start fresh, leave behind the troubles of the past year, and set intentions for the year ahead. Families clean their homes thoroughly in a ritual called ōsōji (big cleaning) to rid the space of impurities and welcome the Toshigami, the deity of the New Year. This emphasis on cleanliness, gratitude, and renewal is a recurring theme throughout the celebration.
Unlike the Gregorian calendar’s New Year’s Eve parties, Oshogatsu focuses on family, tradition, and spirituality. During this time, businesses close, and people travel back to their hometowns to celebrate with loved ones. For travelers, the holiday offers a unique blend of solemnity, joy, and festivity—a stark contrast to the often commercialized New Year celebrations in other parts of the world.
Traditional Customs During Oshogatsu
Oshogatsu is rich with traditions that make it a magical time to visit Japan. Here are some customs tourists can experience during the holiday:
1. Kadomatsu and Shimenawa Decorations
As you walk through Japanese streets, you’ll notice houses, temples, and businesses adorned with kadomatsu (pine and bamboo arrangements) and shimenawa (straw ropes). These decorations are placed to invite good fortune and honor the New Year deity, Toshigami. The kadomatsu symbolizes longevity, prosperity, and purity, making it an iconic image of Oshogatsu.
2. Eating Osechi Ryori
One of the highlights of Oshogatsu is indulging in osechi ryori, a special New Year’s meal consisting of beautifully arranged dishes served in stacked lacquer boxes. Each dish has symbolic meaning, such as kuromame (black soybeans) for health, kazunoko (herring roe) for fertility, and datemaki (sweet rolled omelet) for knowledge. For visitors, tasting osechi ryori is a delicious way to connect with Japanese culture.
3. Toshikoshi Soba
On New Year’s Eve, many families eat toshikoshi soba (year-crossing noodles) to symbolize the transition from one year to the next. The long noodles represent longevity and the hope for a prosperous year ahead. As a visitor, this is a simple yet meaningful tradition you can partake in at local restaurants or even your accommodation.
4. Hatsumode: First Shrine Visit
One of the most iconic aspects of Oshogatsu is hatsumode, the first visit to a Shinto shrine or Buddhist temple in the New Year. Families and individuals gather at shrines to pray for health, happiness, and prosperity in the year ahead. Popular shrines like Tokyo’s Meiji Shrine and Kyoto’s Fushimi Inari Taisha attract large crowds during this time, creating a lively and festive atmosphere. As a tourist, you can join the locals in offering a coin, clapping your hands, and making a wish.
Tips for Visiting Japan During Oshogatsu
Visiting Japan during Oshogatsu can be a rewarding experience, but it’s important to plan ahead. Here are some tips to ensure a smooth trip:
Book Accommodations Early: Many Japanese people travel to their hometowns during Oshogatsu, making accommodations scarce in some areas. Plan and reserve your lodgings well in advance.
Check Business Closures: Many shops, restaurants, and tourist attractions close for the holiday, particularly on January 1st. However, major department stores and entertainment venues in larger cities often stay open.
Prepare for Crowds: Popular shrines and temples can get extremely crowded during hatsumode. Arrive early or late in the day to avoid the peak times.
Learn Basic Customs: Understanding simple customs, like how to pray at a shrine, can help you fully appreciate the experience and show respect for local traditions.
Why Oshogatsu is Worth Experiencing
Oshogatsu is more than just a New Year celebration—it’s a time when Japanese culture shines in its most heartfelt and authentic form. From the spiritual calm of temple bells ringing at midnight to the joyful gatherings of families enjoying osechi ryori, Oshogatsu offers visitors a chance to connect with Japan’s traditions and values. It’s a unique cultural experience that blends serenity and festivity, offering a refreshing start to the year.
Whether you’re strolling through streets adorned with kadomatsu, joining the crowds at a shrine, or savoring a bowl of toshikoshi soba, Oshogatsu invites you to embrace the spirit of renewal and gratitude that defines Japan’s New Year. For tourists looking to experience something truly special, Oshogatsu is the perfect time to discover the heart of Japan.
